What are hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids are swollen, inflamed veins located in the anal region and lower rectum. They can be internal, developing inside the rectum, or external, when they appear under the skin around the anus. This condition is fairly common and can be caused by a variety of factors, such as chronic constipation, pregnancy, or sitting for long periods.
What are the symptoms of hemorrhoids?
The main symptoms include pain, itching and a burning sensation in the anus, as well as the presence of blood after going to the toilet. External hemorrhoids can be particularly painful, while internal hemorrhoids may bleed without causing pain.
How can I prevent hemorrhoids?
Hemorrhoids can be prevented by maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Eating high-fiber foods, drinking plenty of water and exercising regularly are all recommended to facilitate intestinal transit and avoid constipation, one of the main risk factors. It's also important to avoid sitting or standing for long periods without moving.
What treatments are available for hemorrhoids?
Treatment of hemorrhoids can vary according to their severity. Conservative treatments include the use of anti-hemorrhoidal creams, suppositories, lukewarm sitz baths and dietary modifications. For more severe cases, procedures such as elastic ligation, sclerotherapy or surgery may be recommended.
When should I consult a doctor about hemorrhoids?
It's important to consult a healthcare professional if symptoms persist despite home treatment, if pain is severe, or if bleeding becomes profuse or changes character. These symptoms could be signs of more serious complications.
Can hemorrhoids be cured for good?
Although treatments can greatly alleviate symptoms and sometimes eliminate hemorrhoids, it is possible for them to recur, particularly if initial risk factors are not well managed. Proactive health and lifestyle management is essential to minimize the risk of recurrence.
What's the difference between internal and external hemorrhoids?
Internal hemorrhoids are located inside the rectum. They are generally painless, as the internal region of the rectum has no sensitive pain receptors. Internal hemorrhoids may bleed during bowel movements, but are not accompanied by pain. External hemorrhoids, on the other hand, develop under the skin around the anus and are often accompanied by pain, itching and bleeding when irritated or thrombosed.
Can hemorrhoids cause complications?
Yes, although generally benign, hemorrhoids can sometimes lead to complications such as hemorrhoidal thrombosiswhere a blood clot forms inside an external hemorrhoid, causing intense pain and swelling. Another complication is proliferation, where internal hemorrhoids fall out of the anus, becoming painful and difficult to reintroduce.
How can sitz baths help relieve the symptoms of hemorrhoids?
Sitz baths involve sitting in a bath of lukewarm water for around 10 to 15 minutes, several times a day, especially after bowel movements. This practice can reduce inflammation and calm irritation by increasing blood flow to the anal area, helping to relieve the pain, itching and swelling associated with hemorrhoids.
What role does diet play in hemorrhoid management?
A diet rich in fiber is crucial to preventing and managing hemorrhoids, by facilitating intestinal transit and reducing pressure on the veins of the lower rectum and anus. Fruits, vegetables, whole grains and legumes are excellent sources of fibre. It's also a good idea to drink enough fluids, especially water, to help maintain regular, softer bowel movements.
Are there any specific exercises to prevent or relieve hemorrhoids?
Although there are no specific exercises to treat hemorrhoids directly, regular physical activity can help prevent their appearance. Exercises such as walking, swimming or yoga can improve blood circulation, reduce inflammation and promote regular bowel transit, thereby reducing pressure on hemorrhoidal veins and lowering the risk of hemorrhoids developing or worsening.
